Trailblazing Ukrainian doctor, educator, and feminist, celebrated as the first female university graduate and doctor in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, as well as Ukraine’s first female gynecologist. A champion for women’s education and healthcare, she is remembered for her pioneering contributions to medicine and her enduring influence on Ukrainian culture.
She spoke to me in Ukrainian, convincing me to write for my people, teaching me phonetic grammar and giving me Ukrainian books. She looked like a lily — fair-skinned, with mermaid-like eyes, golden hair, dignified yet full of natural humour
Olha Kobylianska on Sophia
Portrait of Sophia Okunevska-Morachevska, 2024
Artist: Maryna Futymska
Sophia was raised in a family committed to intellectual pursuits. Her father, Atanas Okunevsky, left the clergy to study medicine in Vienna, becoming a respected district doctor. After her mother’s death, Sophia was brought up by her aunt, where her passion for learning flourished. At just 19, she became the first Galician woman to graduate from Lviv’s Academic Gymnasium. She went on to earn her medical degree from the University of Zurich, becoming the first female doctor in Austria-Hungary.
A pioneer in gynecology in Galicia, Sophia also introduced radiotherapy for cancer treatment, established nursing courses, and compiled a Ukrainian medical dictionary. Her dedication to community health led her to work in a charity hospital for the underprivileged, where she left an indelible mark as both a healer and an advocate for Ukrainian women.